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Murus Gallicus or ''Gallic Wall'' is a method of construction of defensive walls used to protect Iron Age hillforts and oppida of the La Tene period in Western Europe. The distinctive features are: * earth or rubble fill * transverse cross beams at approximately 2 ft (60 cm) intervals * longitudinal timbers laid on the cross beams and attached with mortice joints, nails, or iron spikes through augered holes * outer stone facing * cross beams protruding through the stone facing The technique was described by Julius Caesar in his Commentaries on the Gallic Wars:
About 30 structures of this type have been excavated, mainly in Gaul, but extending to the upper reaches of the Rhine and Danube. The example at the sea promontory fort of Le Camp d'Artus, at Huelgoat, was excavated and reported by Sir Mortimer Wheeler. The ''murus Gallicus'' contrasts with other construction styles: * ''Pfostenschlitzmauer'' - characterised by upright wooden posts in the outer wall, typical in Central Europe. * ''Dacian Wall'' - inner and outer stone walls reinforced with inner horizontal timber tie beams. At Manching an earlier ''murus gallicus'' wall was rebuilt in the ''pfostenschlitzmauer'' style. == References == * ''Commentaries on the Gallic Wars'', Julius Caesar, 7.23 * ''The Ancient Celts'', Barry Cunliffe (1997) ISBN 0-14-025422-6 Contains the cross-section of Huelgoat drawn by Mortimer Wheeler. * ''Celtic Fortifications'', Ian Ralston (2006) ISBN 0-7524-2500-5 The definitive modern reference on hillfort construction, with extensive descriptions, comparative analysis, photographs of modern reconstructions, and even results of experiments burning reconstructed walls. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Murus Gallicus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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